try {
  // Code that might throw an exception
  let result = someFunction();
  console.log(result);
} catch (error) {
  // Handle the exception
  console.error('An error occurred:', error.message);
}

Use finally Block (optional)

The finally block is executed regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not.

try {
  // Code that might throw an exception
  let result = someFunction();
  console.log(result);
} catch (error) {
  // Handle the exception
  console.error('An error occurred:', error.message);
} finally {
  // Code that always executes, whether there was an exception or not
  cleanupResources();
}

Use throw to Create Custom Errors

Throw custom errors to provide more meaningful information about the problem.

function divide(a, b) {
  if (b === 0) {
    throw new Error('Cannot divide by zero');
  }
  return a / b;
}

try {
  let result = divide(10, 0);
  console.log(result);
} catch (error) {
  console.error('An error occurred:', error.message);
}

Handle Asynchronous Errors

For asynchronous code, use try-catch inside the asynchronous function or use Promise.catch().

async function fetchData() {
  try {
    // Asynchronous code that might throw an error
    let response = await fetch('https://example.com/data');
    let data = await response.json();
    console.log(data);
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error fetching data:', error.message);
  }
}

Use Error Objects Wisely

Error objects contain valuable information. Access name, message, and stack properties for detailed error handling.

try {
  // Some code that might throw an exception
  throw new Error('Something went wrong');
} catch (error) {
  console.error('Error name:', error.name);
  console.error('Error message:', error.message);
  console.error('Stack trace:', error.stack);
}

Logging Errors

Always log errors for debugging purposes. Use console.error() or a logging library.

try {
  // Some code that might throw an exception
  throw new Error('Something went wrong');
} catch (error) {
  console.error('An error occurred:', error);
  // Log to a centralized logging service
  // logErrorToService(error);
}

Global Error Handling

Implement a global error handler to catch unhandled exceptions. Use window.onerror or window.addEventListener('error', handler).

window.onerror = function (message, source, lineno, colno, error) {
  console.error('Global error:', message, source, lineno, colno, error);
  // Log to a centralized logging service
  // logErrorToService(error);
};

These best practices help you handle errors effectively in JavaScript. Adjust your error-handling strategy based on the requirements of your application.